Yeast Kill | Baking Processes | BAKERpedia (2024)

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Yeast Kill | Baking Processes | BAKERpedia (1)

In baking, proper timing of the yeast kill will control the height of the baked good.

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Also Known As Yeast Inactivation Temperature

What is Yeast Kill?

Yeast provides vital gas production for achieving volume in baked goods. Its peak is during proofing, and into oven spring.

Thermal profilingis a way of understanding the point of yeast kill, and this information can in turn, control the height of the baked good.

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Function

The fermentation rate increases up to a temperature of 40.5oC (105oF).1 In order to control the height of the baked good, yeast kill should be accomplished by 50% of the bake time. During baking, yeast starts to die at 55.5oC (132oF). An absolute yeast kill is at 60oC (140oF).2

Application

Used as a QC tool, the baker can control the height of the oven spring with strict adherence to yeast kill at about 50% of the product. The importance of predicting and controlling yeast kill will prevent issues with product height. This includes:

  • Buns that break and shred on just one side, causing sloped crowns
  • Prolonged oven spring, that either causes an oversized product, that cannot be bagged; or one that causes a huge collapse after cooling.

Minimize oven spring with yeast kill closer to 40% of the bake time. To achieve this, the front zones of the oven have to operate at a higher heat, stopping gas production by killing the yeast earlier on in the bake. By making sure that you adhere to your usual yeast kill percent, you will gainbetter control of your product quality.

References

  1. Pyler, E. J. “Dough Fermentation.” Baking Science & Technology. Merriam, Kan.: Sosland Pub., 1988. P632.
  2. Pyler, E. J. “The Baking Process.” Baking Science & Technology. Merriam, Kan.: Sosland Pub., 1988. P74

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Yeast Kill | Baking Processes | BAKERpedia (2024)

FAQs

Yeast Kill | Baking Processes | BAKERpedia? ›

The fermentation rate increases up to a temperature of 40.5oC (105oF). In order to control the height of the baked good, yeast kill should be accomplished by 50% of the bake time. During baking, yeast starts to die at 55.5oC (132oF). An absolute yeast kill is at 60oC (140oF).

What is the killing point of yeast? ›

130° F—140° F (55° C–60° C) Yeast cells die (thermal death point).

What happens if you kill yeast? ›

After awhile, if stored improperly, yeast cells will die. And if you use dead (or dying) yeast in your bread, it won't rise. Another reason yeast might not work—you may have killed it by using overly hot water in your recipe; water hotter than 139°F will kill yeast.

What is killed yeast? ›

In fermentation, less than 7 percent of the energy present in glucose is released. In the fermentation of yeast, water at 95°F is the optimum temperature for fermentation that yields the best result. At the same time, water at 140°F or higher can kill the yeast. At such a high temperature no viable live yeast is left.

Does the baking process kill yeast? ›

Likewise, the high temperatures during the baking process kill any live yeast cells left in the bread dough.

What is the killer factor in yeast? ›

What is yeast killer factor? Killer yeast contain a toxin in their cell wall structure that allows them to kill toxin sensitive foreign yeast cells. Most killer strains of S. cerevisiae have good fermentation kinetics and, therefore, have a greater chance of dominating the fermentation.

What causes yeast death? ›

Nuclear factors. Nma111p (nuclear mediator of apoptosis), the yeast hom*olog of the proapoptotic mammalian HtrA2/Omi, is another protease that might be involved in yeast apoptosis. While NMA111 deletion reduces apoptotic markers, its overexpression promotes cell death upon hyperthermia or H2O2 treatment.

How do I know I killed yeast? ›

Testing your yeast

If the mixture rises to double or triple in size, then your yeast is active! Go ahead and bake with confidence! If your mixture does not rise much or stays at the same volume, then your yeast is no longer active. You'll have to throw it out, and get yourself a new batch.

Does boiling water kill yeast? ›

It has been known since those early days that heat at the temperature of boiling water can destroy “almost” all microorganisms. Yeast, molds, and most bacteria are easily killed at at this temperature. The only microorganisms that survive are the bacteria that form protective spores, such as Clostridium botulinum.

Does cold milk kill yeast? ›

Warming your milk is essential to the body of a good loaf (or roll), not only to activate your yeast and allow your bread to rise properly (cold slows yeast down, while warm temps speed them up) but also to ensure the breakdown of whey proteins in your milk, which can inhibit the formation of gluten and stymie your ...

How do you fix killed yeast? ›

If your liquid was too hot, your yeast was killed and it cannot be saved. Try again with new yeast and make sure your liquid is the right temperature. If your liquid was too cold, use a water bath to slowly bring your yeast and liquid mixture up to the right temperature, but no hotter.

Is yeast killed by salt? ›

Salt acts as a yeast inhibitor, slowing growth and reproduction of yeast in bread dough. That might sound detrimental, but it's actually desirable, helping keep the yeast growth in check so your dough ferments at a controlled rate.

Is yeast killed by alcohol? ›

As yeast continues to grow and metabolize sugar, the accumulation of alcohol becomes toxic and eventually kills the cells (Gray 1941). Most yeast strains can tolerate an alcohol concentration of 10–15% before being killed.

What kills yeast fastest? ›

The fastest way to get rid of a yeast infection is by seeing your doctor and getting Fluconazole prescription. Over-the-counter Monistat (Miconazole) and prevention can also work.

What kills instant yeast? ›

Regardless of the type of yeast you use, if your water reaches temperatures of 120°F or more, the yeast will begin to die off. Once water temps reach 140°F or higher, that is the point where the yeast will be completely killed off.

Can yeast feel pain? ›

Given that yeast is a living organism, some people wonder whether it can be included in a vegan diet. However, unlike animals, yeasts do not have a nervous system. This means that they don't experience pain — which completely differentiates them from animals (8).

What is the thermal death point of yeast? ›

The temperature at which yeast is killed as the loaf is baked. This is 55-60oC (130-140oF).

How do I avoid killing my yeast? ›

Storing your yeast correctly will prolong its life and allow it to perform its best. Instant yeast and active dry yeast has a shelf life of two years and is best when protected from heat and moisture.

How is yeast destroyed? ›

Yeasts need warmth, moisture, food and time to grow and reproduce. Yeasts are most active between 25° and 29°. Yeasts are destroyed by temperatures above 70°. During this process, the enzymes in the yeast cells obtain energy by converting sugars to alcohol and carbon dioxide.

What is the killer yeast produce? ›

The term 'killer strains' is used to describe yeast and fungal species that produce secreted toxins — known as 'killer toxins' — that have antimycotic activity. This killer phenotype can be associated with double-stranded (ds)RNA mycoviruses and linear dsDNA plasmids or can be chromosomally encoded.

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